bCN Variants & Gastrointestinal, Immune & Physiological Effects
Systematic Review of the Gastrointestinal Effects of A1 Compared with A2 β-Casein.
Brooke-Taylor S, Dwyer K, Woodford K, Kost N.
Adv Nutr. 2017 Sep 15;8(5):739-748. doi: 10.3945/an.116.013953. Print 2017 Sep. Review.
Effects of milk containing only A2 beta casein versus milk containing both A1 and A2 beta casein proteins on gastrointestinal physiology, symptoms of discomfort, and cognitive behavior of people with self-reported intolerance to traditional cows' milk.
Jianqin s, Leiming x, Lu x, Yelland gw, Ni j, Clarke aj. Nutr j. 2016 Apr 2;15:35. doi: 10.1186/s12937-016-0147-z.
Comparative effects of A1 versus A2 beta-casein on gastrointestinal measures: a blinded randomised cross-over pilot study.
Ho S, Woodford K, Kukuljan S, Pal S. (2014) Eur J Clin Nutr. 68(9):994-1000
Food-derived opioid peptides inhibit cysteine uptake with redox and epigenetic consequences.
MS, Shah JS, Al-Mughairy S, Hodgson NW, Simms B, Trooskens GA, Van Criekinge W, Deth RC. (2014) J Nutr Biochem. 25(10):1011-8.
Consumption of β-casomorphins-7/5 induce inflammatory immune response in mice gut through Th2 pathway
Ul Haq VM., Kapila R, Saliganti V. (2014) Journal of Functional Foods 8:150–160
Dietary A1 β-casein affects gastrointestinal transit time, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 activity, and inflammatory status relative to A2 β-casein in Wistar rats.
Barnett MP, McNabb WC, Roy NC, Woodford KB, Clarke AJ. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2014 Mar 20 PMID:24649921
Comparative evaluation of cow β-casein variants (A1/A2) consumption on Th2-mediated inflammatory response in mouse gut.
Haq MR, Kapila R, Sharma R, Saliganti V, Kapila S. Eur J Nutr. 2013 Oct 29. PMID:24166511
A pilot study to evaluate nutritional influences on gastrointestinal symptoms and behavior patterns in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Harris C, Card B. Complement Ther Med. 2012 Dec;20(6):437-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2012.08.004. Epub 2012 Sep 19. PMID:23131376
Food-derived peptides stimulate mucin secretion and gene expression in intestinal cells.
Martínez-Maqueda D, Miralles B, De Pascual-Teresa S, Reverón I, Muñoz R, Recio I. J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Sep 5;60(35):8600-5. doi: 10.1021/jf301279k. PMID:22916966
Beta-casomorphin-7 regulates the secretion and expression of gastrointestinal mucins through a mu-opioid pathway.
Zoghbi S, Trompette A, Claustre J, El Homsi M, Garzon J, Jourdain G, Scoazec J,Plaisancie P. 2006. American Journal of Physiology.Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 290:G1105–G1113.
Milk bioactive peptides and beta-casomorphins induce mucus release in rat jejunum
Trompette A, Claustre J, Caillon F, Jourdan G, Chayvialle JA, Plaisancié P. (2003) J Nutr. Nov;133(11):3499-503.
Effects of peptides derived from dietary proteins on mucus secretion in rat jejunum.
Claustre J, Toumi F, Trompette A, Jourdan G, Guignard H, Chayvialle JA, Plaisancié P. (2002) Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 3(3):G521-8.
Inhibition of small intestine motility by casein: a role of beta casomorphins?
Defilippi C, Gomez E, Charlin V, Silva C. 1995. Nutrition 119(6):751–754.
Treatment of acute secretory diarrhea with casein: an effect of beta-casomorphins?][Article in Spanish]
Charlin V, Defilippi C, Vargas V, Borghesi L, Gómez E. (1992) Rev Med Chil. 20(6):666-9.
Effects of beta-casomorphin derivatives on gastrointestinal transit in mice.
Becker A, Hempel G, Greksch G, Matthies H. (1990) Biomedica Biochimica Acta 49(110):1203–1207.